X-bar theory recap

Category free
3 rules:
- $X’ \rightarrow X \ \texttt{(complement)}$
- $X’ \rightarrow X’ ,\ \texttt{adjunct}$
- $XP \rightarrow \texttt{specifier}$ \ X’
Other things to note
- complement and adjuncts must be phrases
To get to XP from root, must first pass through $\geq 1 \cdot X’$

What about TP and CP? The heads are optional in the original rules.

Invisible heads: make $(T)$ obligatory but can be empty

Original rules:

$TP \rightarrow {NP/CP} \ (T) \ VP$
$CP \rightarrow (C) \ TP$
1. This means that every $TP$ goes up to a $CP$ even if it is the matrix clause.

\[\begin{eqnarray*} TP $\rightarrow$ NP\ T'\\ T' $\rightarrow$ T\ VP\\ \end{eqnarray*}\] \[\begin{eqnarray*} TP $\rightarrow$ NP\ T'\\ T' $\rightarrow$ T\ VP\\ \end{eqnarray*}\]